課程資料

發展願景

傳揚中華文化，促進跨領域創新，與時精進，邁向國際
It is our objective to promote Chinese culture, enhance cross-disciplinary innovation, seek constant advancement, and embrace global community.

辦學宗旨

秉承質樸堅毅校訓，承東西之道統，集中外之精華，研究高深學術, 培養專業人才，服務社會，致力中華文化之發揚, 促進國家發展.
Based on our motto—“Temperament, Simplicity, Strength, and Tenacity,” “inheriting the merits of the East and the West” and “absorbing the essence of Chinese and foreign cultures,” we make it our mission to pursue advanced research, develop professional talents, serve the society, promote Chinese culture and support national development.

校教育目標
校基本素養
校核心能力

院教育目標

整合環境跨領域知識，培養永續發展人才 Integrate interdisciplinary environmental knowledge to cultivate sustainable development talent
理論與實務並重，強化專業技能 Emphasize both theory and practice to strengthen professional skills
關注環境與生物資源，推動綠色生活 Focus on the environment and biological resources to promote green living
培育兼具科學素養與人文關懷的專業者，營造宜居環境 Cultivate professionals with both scientific literacy and humanistic care to create a livable environment

院核心能力

跨領域整合與創新應用 Cross-domain integration and innovative applications
永續經營與資源管理 Sustainable Operations and Resource Management
實務操作與問題解決 Practical Operation and Problem Solving
專業技能與社會實踐 Professional skills and social practice
國際觀與全球永續視野 International perspective and global sustainability vision

系教育目標

培育兼具專業實務能力及道德文化涵養之森林與自然保育人才 Cultivating forest and nature conservation talents with both professional practical skills and moral and cultural literacy

系核心能力

倫理道德觀念 ethics
專業知識技能 professional knowledge and skills
野外實務操作 field operations
溝通合作能力 communication and cooperation skills
生態人文素養 ecological and humanistic literacy

課程目標

使修課的學生從木材的來源瞭解，其次則為木材之外觀特徵，並進一步瞭解針闊葉樹之構造差異。 To make students understand the source of wood, followed by the appearance characteristics of wood, and further understand the structural differences of coniferous and broad-leaved trees.

課程能力

專業知識技能 professional knowledge and skills (比重 70%)
野外實務操作 field operations (比重 10%)
溝通合作能力 communication and cooperation skills (比重 10%)
生態人文素養 ecological and humanistic literacy (比重 10%)

課程概述

敘述構成木材之要素，則其形狀、大小、排列，以及此等與木材性質之關係，包括產生木材之植物類型、植物分類、樹木之主要部位及其功能、木材之分量、樹幹的豐滿與尖削、樹木之生長、樹幹各組織之生長、幼樹幹之生長與樹皮之形成、木材之切面及木材形態之研究方法、年輪、春秋材之生成原因、木材三切面橫切面、徑切面與弦切面之觀察特徵與比較、木質線、薄膜細胞、樹脂溝、髓心、木材之色澤、木材之光澤、香氣、木材之味道、刺激物、層疊構造、隆起線、紋孔的種類與功能等。 Describe the elements that make up wood, such as its shape, size, arrangement, and the relationship between these and the properties of wood, including the types of plants that produce wood, plant classification, main parts of trees and their functions, weight of wood, fullness and sharpness of trunks Pruning, growth of trees, growth of trunk tissues, growth of young trunks and formation of bark, research methods of wood section and wood morphology, annual rings, causes of spring and autumn timber, wood three-section cross section, radial section and chord section Observation characteristics and comparison, wood lines, membrane cells, resin grooves, pith, wood color, wood luster, aroma, wood taste, irritants, lamination structure, raised lines, types and functions of pits, etc.

授課內容

      本課程係森保系學生的必修課程，由於木材之各項物理與機械性質的表現皆與木材組織有密切的相關性，木材之各種工藝利用，預先須考究木材之構造，因此木材性質不僅在樹種鑑別上之必要，而且與物理性質或機械性質有密切關係。故本課程乃敘述構成木材之要素，則其形狀、大小、排列，以及此等與木材性質之關係，並探討對木材利用上之影響。本課程之教學目標即使修課的學生從木材的來源瞭解，其次則為木材之外觀特徵，木材之外觀特徵，木材之細胞特徵，並進一步瞭解針闊葉樹之構造差異。
       本課程之授課內容包括有木材之來源、木材各部份之形成狀況、形成層、樹皮之組織，木材之外觀特徵如邊心材及春秋材之性質，木本植物的細胞包含細胞性質、細胞壁構造、紋孔之種類與功能，針葉樹的組織構造，包括其細胞組成、管胞、木質線及薄壁細胞之構造，闊葉樹的組織構造包括細胞組成、纖維、導管、木質線與薄壁細胞之特徵，並加以比較針闊葉樹在組織構造上的差異。另補充教材則討論原教科書所沒討論之處加以說明，包括心邊材之形成過程，春秋材之性質，細胞壁內的化學組成及針闊葉樹之詳細構造。
The physical and mechanical properties of wood show high relationship with wood structure. Before the technical use of wood, wood structure should be considered first. This course provides the properties of constituent element, shape, size and arrangement of wood cell, and the effects of wood cell on wood utilization will also be further introduced. The objectives of this course are to understand the formation of tree and wood, macroscopic characteristics, formation and properties of early and late wood, gross feature and general characteristics of wood tissue, cells of woody plant, cell minute structure, the formation of heartwood and sapwood, the structure of softwood and hardwood minute structure. In the mean time, the difference between hardwood and softwood will be further illustrated.

授課方式

以課堂上課為主並輔以相關之影片介紹。
Class-based lectures are supplemented by relevant video introductions.

評量方式

上課用書

（師生應遵守智慧財產權及不得非法影印）
1.木材組織學 廖坤福著 中興大學教務處出版組
2.木材解剖名詞圖解釋義 吳順昭著

1.Minute Structure of Taiwanese Woods
2.Wood Structure and Identification
3.Forest Products and Wood Science

參考書目

（師生應遵守智慧財產權及不得非法影印）
1.Minute Structure of Taiwanese Woods
2.Wood Structure and Identification
3.Forest Products and Wood Science

課程需求

要報告

輔導時間

• 星期一 11:00-13:00
• 星期二 10:00-13:00
• 星期三 13:00-14:00

教師聯絡資訊

Email：ycwang@ulive.pccu.edu.tw
分機：31311

課程進度

1. 2026/09/14

   簡介本學期之授課內容，上課規定、評分標準、參考資料及期中、期末考之規定與內容。 Briefly introduce the teaching content of this semester, class regulations, grading standards, reference materials, and the regulations and contents of midterm and final exams.

2. 2026/09/21

   第一章、木材之來源: 授課內容包括產生木材之植物類型、植物分類、樹木之主要部位及其功能 Formation of Tree and Wood (I): Lectures include types of plants that produce wood, plant classification, main parts of trees and their functions, weight of wood, fullness and sharpness of trunks, growth of trees, growth of trunk tissues, growth of young trunks and formation of bark . 授課內容包括產生木材之植物類型、植物分類、樹木之主要部位及其功能、木材之分量、樹幹的豐滿與尖削、樹木之生長、樹幹各組織之生長、幼樹幹之生長與樹皮之形成。 Formation of Tree and Wood(II): Lectures include types of plants that produce wood, plant classification, main parts of trees and their functions, weight of wood, fullness and sharpness of trunks, growth of trees, growth of trunk tissues, growth of young trunks, and formation of bark.

3. 2026/09/28

   教師節放假一天 One day off for Teachers' Day

4. 2026/10/05

   第二章、樹木(一)授課內容包括樹木之主要部位及其功能、木材之分量、樹幹的豐滿與尖削、樹木之生長、樹幹各組織之生長、幼樹幹之生長與樹皮之形成。

5. 2026/10/12

   第二章、樹木(二)授課內容包括樹木之主要部位及其功能、木材之分量、樹幹的豐滿與尖削、樹木之生長、樹幹各組織之生長、幼樹幹之生長與樹皮之形成。 第三章、木材之外觀特徵(一)包含木材之切面及木材形態之研究方法、年輪、春秋材之生成原因，木材切面包括橫切面、徑切面與弦切面，三切面之觀察特徵與比較。說明木質線、薄膜細胞、樹脂溝、髓心、木材之色澤、木材之光澤、香氣、木材之味道、刺激物、層疊構造、隆起線等內容。

6. 2026/10/19

   第三章、木材之外觀特徵(二)春秋材與木材機械性質關係、春材與秋材之生成、心邊材之分量與性質、木理、木紋、木肌等內容都在本章被介紹。包含說明木質線、薄膜細胞、樹脂溝、髓心、木材之色澤、木材之光澤、香氣、木材之味道、刺激物、層疊構造、隆起線等內容。

7. 2026/10/26

   台灣光復紀念日補假一天

8. 2026/11/02

   Midterm Exam:期中考

9. 2026/11/09

   第四章木本植物之細胞(一)、本章介紹構成木材之細胞，木材乃由無數蜂巢狀之細胞所組成之集合體，此等細胞於其發達之初均為同樣之溝造，而細胞與細胞間則依細胞間質所膠著，凡是所有細胞，於其存在之初期係如上述皆同樣，然為適應樹木之生活所需、有各種不同之機能，因而變化為各種形式。本章詳述細胞之詳細構造，細胞壁各壁層及其化學組成。 Cells of Woody Plant, Cell Minute Structure(II):心邊材與紋孔(一)：紋孔為細胞壁加厚時，未曾全體一致，而留出許多陷落之空隙，以便液體之互相流通，若在初生壁之陷落部分則不稱為紋孔而稱為初生紋孔野（Primary Pit field），因此凡無後生壁之細胞均無紋孔可言，如分生組織細胞，紋孔的大小依樹種而異，普通為圓形之孔，若係為重紋孔，由正面觀之，似蛇目之紋樣。本章授課內容包括心材與邊材之分量及木材性質之關係，紋孔的詳細構造等。 Heart sapwood and pits (1): When the cell wall is thickened, the pits are not all consistent, but many sinking spaces are left for the mutual circulation of liquid. If the sinking part of the primary wall is not called pits but It is called the primary pit field, so all cells without epigenetic walls have no pits at all, such as meristematic cells, the size of the pits varies depending on the tree species, generally circular holes, if the system is heavy The pits, viewed from the front, resemble the pattern of snake eyes. The content of this chapter includes the weight of heartwood and sapwood, the relationship between wood properties, the detailed structure of pits, etc.

10. 2026/11/16

    第四章木本植物之細胞(二)、本章介紹構成木材之細胞，木材乃由無數蜂巢狀之細胞所組成之集合體，此等細胞於其發達之初均為同樣之溝造，而細胞與細胞間則依細胞間質所膠著，凡是所有細胞，於其存在之初期係如上述皆同樣，然為適應樹木之生活所需、有各種不同之機能，因而變化為各種形式。本章詳述細胞之詳細構造，細胞壁各壁層及其化學組成。 心邊材與紋孔(二)：紋孔為細胞壁加厚時，未曾全體一致，而留出許多陷落之空隙，以便液體之互相流通，若在初生壁之陷落部分則不稱為紋孔而稱為初生紋孔野（Primary Pit field），因此凡無後生壁之細胞均無紋孔可言，如分生組織細胞，紋孔的大小依樹種而異，普通為圓形之孔，若係為重紋孔，由正面觀之，似蛇目之紋樣。本章授課內容包括心材與邊材之分量及木材性質之關係，紋孔的詳細構造等。 Heartwood and Sapwood, Pit Structure: The content of this chapter includes the weight of heartwood and sapwood, the relationship between wood properties, the detailed structure of pits, etc.

11. 2026/11/23

    第四章木本植物之細胞(二)

12. 2026/11/30

    第五章、針葉樹之顯微構造(一)包括縱向管胞、縱向薄膜細胞、針葉樹木質線，針葉樹樹脂溝 紋孔的種類與功能：紋孔因紋孔隙之形狀、構造、紋樣等之不同而有種種之紋孔，但若以其主要之構造而分，則可分為單紋孔（Simple pit）、重紋孔（Bordered pit）。本次授課除包含紋孔種類，還包含紋孔對的種類與型式及紋孔的功能。 Types and functions of pits: due to the different morphology, structures, and patterns of pits, there are various types of pits, but if they are divided according to their main structures, they can be divided into simple pits, and  bordered pit. This lecture includes not only the types of pits, but also the  types of pit pairs and the functions of pit pairs.

13. 2026/12/07

    第五章、針葉樹之顯微構造(二)針葉樹材在分類學上一般稱為Coniferous Wood，普通最常用之名稱即為軟材（Soft Wood）。針葉樹材只有管胞，而其孔小以肉眼非能見及，稱之為無孔材（Non-Porous Wood）。實際上在顯微鏡下乃具多孔，闊葉樹材具有Pore（Vessel），而其孔以肉眼能見效，故稱為有孔材（Porous Wood）。本章詳述針葉樹的構造及其組成細胞型態。 Softwood Minute Structure—Longitudinal Tissue: Coniferous wood is generally called Coniferous Wood in taxonomy, and the most commonly used name is soft wood. Coniferous wood has only tracheids, and its pores are so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye, so it is called non-porous wood. In fact, it is porous under the microscope. The broad-leaved wood has Pore (Vessel), and its pores can be seen with the naked eye, so it is called Porous Wood. This chapter details the structure of the conifer and its constituent cell types.

14. 2026/12/14

    第六章、闊葉樹之顯微構造(一)包括闊葉樹厚膜組織、縱向薄膜組織含導管，導管之著生聚結情形與排列分部、導管之內容物、木纖維、木質線與薄壁細胞種類等內容。本章詳述闊葉樹的構造及其組成細胞型態。 Hardwood Minute Structure—Longitudinal Tissue (I) Observation of the tissue structure of broad-leaved trees includes vessels, the formation, aggregation and arrangement of vessels, the contents of vessels, wood fibers, wood lines and parenchyma cell types, etc. This chapter mentions detailedly the structure of broad-leaved trees and their constituent cell types.

15. 2026/12/21

    第六章、闊葉樹之顯微構造(二)

16. 2026/12/28

    Final Exam. 期末考

17. 2027/01/04

    校外參訪,校外演講/講座,校外活動

18. 2027/01/11

    校外參訪,校外演講/講座,校外活動