課程資料

7276 生物地理			開課學期：1132		開課班級：地理系 3
授課教師：雷鴻飛	選修	學期課	學分數：2.0	大義 0526 星期三 10:10-12:00

7276 BIOGEOGRAPHY			2025 Spring		Department of Geography 3
Professor：LEI, HUNG-FEI	Elective	Semester	Credits: 2.0	Da Yi 0526 Wednesday 10:10-12:00

發展願景

傳揚中華文化，促進跨領域創新，與時精進，邁向國際
It is our objective to promote Chinese culture, enhance cross-disciplinary innovation, seek constant advancement, and embrace global community.

辦學宗旨

秉承質樸堅毅校訓，承東西之道統，集中外之精華，研究高深學術, 培養專業人才，服務社會，致力中華文化之發揚, 促進國家發展.
Based on our motto—“Temperament, Simplicity, Strength, and Tenacity,” “inheriting the merits of the East and the West” and “absorbing the essence of Chinese and foreign cultures,” we make it our mission to pursue advanced research, develop professional talents, serve the society, promote Chinese culture and support national development.

校教育目標
校基本素養
校核心能力

院核心能力

科學理論與工程知識
系統設計與資通科技
實驗分析與實踐技能
創新整合與終身學習
工程倫理與社會責任
計畫管理與團隊合作
自然科學知識的能力
理論與實務結合的能力
國際化與團隊溝通合作的能力
多元整合的能力

系教育目標

培育理論與實務並重的地理專業人才
訓練具卓越的科技專業競爭力人才
培養具備國際觀及多元化教育人才

系核心能力

具備正確地理專業觀念與認知
開拓國際視野與跨領域專業技能
問題認知及解決能力
暸解當代科學技術發展
認同地理環境永續發展意識
關懷社會環境的適切性及人與地的和諧共生

課程目標

1) 瞭解過去、現在、未來的氣候變遷和板塊運動，以及它們如何影響生物實體、生物多樣性的地理分佈。 2) 瞭解導致不同尺度物種豐度梯度之因素 3) 瞭解影響族群多樣化的地理過程 4) 描述使物種面臨滅絕風險的主要原因 5) 使用 GIS 對生物地理問題進行地理調查和分析 1) Understand climatic changes and tectonic movements in the past, present, and future, and their effects on geographical distributions of bio-entities and biodiversity. 2) Understand factors leading to gradients of species richness at various scales 3) Understand the geographic processes that influence the diversification of clades 4) Describe the principal causes that put species at risk of extinction 5) Perform geographic survey and analyses with GIS on biogeographic issues

課程能力

具備正確地理專業觀念與認知 (比重 15%)
開拓國際視野與跨領域專業技能 (比重 25%)
問題認知及解決能力 (比重 10%)
暸解當代科學技術發展 (比重 10%)
認同地理環境永續發展意識 (比重 15%)
關懷社會環境的適切性及人與地的和諧共生 (比重 25%)

課程概述

生物地理學研究生物實體的地理分佈，非生物實體和生物實體之間在地貌面向的和生態面向的地理交互作用，地景生態系和生物區系的形態動力學，以及這些系統在地史中的演化和控制因素。由地理因素支配的地理環境設定和環境梯度，例如緯度、海拔高（或深度）、距離水（或資源）的遠近、資源和災害的頻率和規模、棲地的連通性和隔離性等，在生物地理過程中扮演重要角色；這一個概念將從各種尺度下生物實體和生物多樣性的生理、生態、進化面向來說明。課中同時討論地史上的偶然（災變）和均變過程，以及最近人類引起的變化如何塑造生物地理分佈。生物地理學源自大發現時代（歐洲史上 15 -18 世紀）以來的地理知識興趣和各種資源管理意圖。一方面是生物地理學原理、理論、分析，另一方面是經驗世界和當前對社會面對的重要環境問題（例如，瀕危物種的生存、全球氣候變化的影響），這兩者之間形成辯證。本課程透過講課、小組習作報告，來引導學生認識生物地理學。學生被要求以地理實察或實驗設計，以及透過GIS的數據分析和假設檢驗，來完成習作報告。 Biogeography is to study the geographical distribution of biological entities, the geographical interactions (in both topographic and ecological aspects) between abiotic and biotic entities, the morphodynamics of landscape ecosystems and bio-regions, and the evolution of such systems through the geo-history. Geographical settings and environmental gradients due to geographical factors, such as latitude, elevation (or depth), distance to water (or resource), frequency and magnitude of resource and hazard, connectivity and isolation of habitats, etc., play the important roles in conducting biogeographical processes, and this concept is addressed with physiological, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives upon biodiversity of various scales. Contingent (catastrophic) as well as uniformity processes in Earth’s history as well as more- recent human-induced changes are both taken into account in shaping the biogeographical distribution. Such discipline came from the interesting of geographic knowledge and the intention of various resource managements since the Age of Discovery (the Age of Exploration; 15th-18th century in European history). There is a dialectics among biogeographical principles, theories, and analyses on one hand and the geographical world and problems in current environmental issues important to society (e.g., survival of endangered species, effects of global climate change) on the other. This course will include both lectures and group-projects. Students are asked to practice experiments and field surveys and data analysis and hypothesis testing through GIS.

授課內容

生物地理學源自對地球生物現象的地理興趣和資源管理企圖。它關注生物地理學原則、理論、分析，也關注經驗世界和社會面對的環境問題（例如瀕危物種的生存、全球變遷的影響），並為這兩個面向建立辯證論述。生物地理學研究生物現象的地理分佈，非生物和生物之間各面向、尺度的地理空間交互作用，地景生態和生物區系之形態動力，以及生物地理分布的發展、演育及其控制機制。距離資源和災害的遠近、在地及其周遭資源和災害的頻率規模、棲地形態的參數、棲地的連通性和隔離性、緯度、高度（或深度）等等地理因素所決定的地理設定，以及各種環境梯度，顯著影響生物地理作用及其分佈。

本課程從各尺度下生物生理、生態、演化和多樣性，來說明前述地理設定和環境梯度如何影響生物地理作用及其分佈，並討論地史中的偶然（災變）和必然（均變）以及最近人類引起的衝擊。課程分為生物多樣性、大地生態、保育三部份，透過講課、三周本島地理實察、一周越南實察（選），引導學員認識生物地理學。學員被要求以文獻回顧、實察成果，透過 GIS 分析和假設檢驗，完成作業練習，作為評量標準。

Biogeography grew out of geographical interests and resource management attempts upon bio-phenomena upon the Earth. It focuses on biogeographic principles, theory, and analysis, as well as on the empirical world and environmental issues faced by society (such as the survival of endangered species, the impact of global change), and establishes a dialectics among these two aspects. Biogeography studies the geographical distribution of biological phenomena, the spatial interaction between non-living and living things in various aspects and scales, the morphological dynamics of landscape ecology and biota, as well as the development, evolution and control mechanisms of biogeographic distribution. The geographical setting is determined by geographical factors such as the distance to resources and disasters, the frequency and scale of local and surrounding resources and disasters, parameters of habitat morphology, habitat connectivity and isolation, latitude, height (or depth), etc. Determination, as well as various environmental gradients, significantly affect biogeographic effects and their distribution.

This course explains how the geographical settings and environmental gradients affect biogeographic functions and their distribution from the perspective of biological physiology, ecology, evolution and diversity at various scales, and discusses accidental (catastrophic) and inevitable (uniformitarian) events in geological history. and recent human-induced shocks. The course is divided into three issues: biodiversity, geo-ecology, and conservation. Through lectures, three field surveys in Taiwan, and a week fieldwork to the Central Highland in Vietnam (optional), and five exercises, students are guided to have basic understanding in biogeography. Exercises being based on literature review, results from fieldworks, GIS analysis and hypothesis testing are required, and students are guided to complete them as assessments.

授課方式

lectures, seminar, fieldworks, lab

評量方式

課程能力 /評量方式	具備正確地理專業觀念與認知 (比重 15%)	開拓國際視野與跨領域專業技能 (比重 25%)	問題認知及解決能力 (比重 10%)	暸解當代科學技術發展 (比重 10%)	認同地理環境永續發展意識 (比重 15%)	關懷社會環境的適切性及人與地的和諧共生 (比重 25%)
作業25%	20%	20%	20%	20%	10%	10%
期中報告25%	20%	20%	20%	20%	10%	10%
期末報告25%	20%	20%	20%	20%	10%	10%
課堂參與25%	20%	20%	20%	20%	10%	10%

上課用書

（師生應遵守智慧財產權及不得非法影印）
C. Barry Cox, Peter D. Moore, Richard J. Ladle, 2016 (IXed). Biogeography: an ecological and evolutionary approach. CHINCHESTER: John Wiley & Sons.

參考書目

（師生應遵守智慧財產權及不得非法影印）
Robert MacArthur and Edward O. Wilson, 1967. The Theory of Island Biogeography. Princeton University Press.
Janathan W Silverstown and Janathan Lovett Doust, 1993. Introcduction to Plant Population Biology. OXFORD: Blackwell.
Rosenzweig, M L, 1995. Species Diversity in Space and Time. Cambridge University Press.
Robert J. Whittaker, 1998. Island Biogeography: ecology, evolution, and conservation. Oxford University Press.
MacDonald, G., 2003. Biogeography: Introduction to Space, Time and Life. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Cox and Moore, 2005 (7th ed). Biogeography. LONDON: Blackwell.
Lomolino, M.V., Riddle, B.R., Whittaker, R.J., and Brown, J.H. 2010 (4th ed.) Biogeography. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA. ISBN 978-0-87893-494-2.
Baldwin et al., 2012. Synthetic Biology. Impirial College Press.

課程需求

要報告

Will be explained in class.

要分組討論